World's Strongest Electromagnetic Fields?

 


Research has unearthed new findings about the early universe and could produce the world's strongest electromagnetic fields. Physicists at RIKEN are studying the Standard Model of particle physics. When hot matter is squished down into an ultra dense object, it forms a plasma that is comprised of subatomic particles. This plasma is referred to as quarks and gluons. Experiments were required to confirm these theories.

Hidetoshi Taya is from the RIKEN Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program. He reports, "Although such expectations exist, there are huge theoretical uncertainties, especially at ultra high densities. Thus, experiments are greatly needed to study the extreme form of matter." Scientists collide charged atoms, or heavy ions together. In this experiment, the researchers observed the created plasma.

For the past few decades, these tests used super high energy levels to create high temperatures. Researchers around the world have shifted to intermediate energies to create high density plasma.

Taya describes the rationale for the study. "This is crucially important to understand our origin, since such extreme conditions are realized in the early universe, neutron stars and exploding stars are called super novae."

Taya had previously studied the strong electromagnetic fields produced by a laser. He became aware of similar but much stronger fields that are created during the collision experiments. Physicists are intrigued because ultra strong fields will create new physics phenomena. 

Until now, the electromagnetic fields weren't nearly strong enough to even check for the possibility of new phenomena. Taya explains, "An intense laser is equivalent to roughly a hundred trillion LEDs. But even these lasers are weak compared to the fields needed to produce these new strong-field physics effects. We've demonstrated that electric fields, which are strong and long-lived enough to explore strong field physics- that can not be approached with any other experiments- can be produced in heavy-ion collisions of intermediate energy.”

Currently, the team isn't able to directly measure the produced field.Therefore, Taga's analysis can not be confirmed in planned collision experiments. They are only able to measure the particles produced by the collision and their properties. 

Taya summarizes, "To really test our prediction, it's critical to understand how strong electromagnetic fields affect the observable particles. We're working on this."

Taya and his team have conducted  a theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic fields. The study was published in a journal called Physical Review C. 

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